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Portugal

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Permits

The carta de caçador: an exam, sixteen years, and medical fitness

The card follows an examination; it lapses as soon as its holder is convicted of a hunting offence.

Article 20 sets the field conditions: only people over sixteen may hunt, holding the carta de caçador and carrying the necessary hunting licence and the other legally required documents. Besides the card, a minor needs written authorisation from the person who legally represents them. Article 21 governs the card itself. Obtaining it depends on an examination subject to a fee, taken before the competent state services and representatives of hunters' and environmental associations, designed to establish whether the applicant has the aptitude and knowledge needed to hunt. Three conditions allow the application: being over sixteen; not having a psychiatric anomaly or an organic or physiological impairment that would make hunting dangerous; and not being subject to a hunting ban by law or judicial decision. A ban grounded on such an impairment may be limited to hunting with firearms, bow or crossbow. The card carries a fee, is valid for a limited time, and lapses as soon as its holder is convicted of a hunting offence. Article 22 finally provides exemptions from the card, notably for members of the diplomatic and consular corps accredited in Portugal.

Regulations

Portugal: within the limits of the law, everyone may hunt

The framework act states that everyone may hunt within legal limits, and that game lawfully taken belongs to the hunter.

Portugal's framework act on hunting sets out the principles of sustainable management of game resources — their conservation and development — together with the principles governing hunting activity and hunting administration. Article 2 fixes the vocabulary. Game resources are the birds and land mammals found in a state of natural liberty, whether resident in the national territory or migrating through it, even if they come from artificial breeding or captivity, provided they appear on the species list published for the act's implementation. Hunting is defined as the form of rational use of those resources, and the act of hunting as any act aimed at taking, alive or dead, a specimen of a game species in natural liberty — notably searching, waiting and pursuing. Article 3 states the principles. Two are worth quoting: within the limits of the law, everyone has the faculty to hunt, subject to the conditions relating to the protection and conservation of game species; and specimens lawfully taken by the hunter are their property, unless otherwise regulated. Trading in game species outside the hunting periods is, by contrast, forbidden, except for animals produced in captivity and in other cases to be regulated.

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